Research Catalog

Title

Cognitive psychology / Robert L. Solso, Otto H. MacLin, M. Kimberly MacLin.

Author

Solso, Robert L., 1933-

Publication

Boston : Pearson/Allyn and Bacon, c2008.

Items in the Library & Off-site

Details

Additional Authors

• MacLin, M. Kimberly
• MacLin, Otto H., 1958-

Description

xviii, 567 p. : ill., maps; 24 cm.

Summary

This title provides a historical framework for the modern issues in cognition, enabling students to see the evolution of the field.

Subject

• Cognitie
• Cognition
• Cognition > Textbooks
• Cognitive psychology > Textbooks
• Psychology

Genre/Form

Textbooks

Bibliography (note)

• Includes bibliographical references (p. 509-554) and indexes.

Processing Action (note)

• committed to retain

Contents

• Machine derived contents note: Contents -- Chapter 1 1 -- Introduction and Research Methods 1 -- What Is Cognitive Psychology? 2 -- Cognition in Everyday Life 4 -- The History of Cognitive Psychology in Brief 5 -- The Rise and Fall of Behaviorism 7 -- Cognitive Psychology Is about Processing Information 10 -- Cognitive Metaphors and Cognitive Models 10 -- Metaphors 10 -- Models 11 -- Theories 14 -- Influential Perspectives in Cognitive Psychology 14 -- The Relationship between Cognitive Psychology and Cognitive Science 20 -- Research Methods 23 -- Measuring Psychological Correlates to the Physical World 24 -- Student Resource Center Study Guide 30 -- Key Terms 31 -- Starting Points 32 -- Chapter 2 33 -- Cognitive Neuroscience 33 -- Exploring the Brain: The Frontier Within 34 -- Logbook: The Twenty-First Century-Brain Sciences 34 -- Mind-Body Issues 35 -- The Central Nervous System 38 -- The Neuron 39 -- The Anatomy of the Brain 42 -- The Cerebral Cortex 43 -- Discovering Cortical Functioning 46 -- Early Studies in Localization 46 -- A Tale of Two Hemispheres 51 -- Cognitive Neuroscience 57 -- Cognitive Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience 58 -- The Neuroscientists' Toolbox 59 -- Eeg 60 -- CT Scans 61 -- PET Scans 62 -- MRI and fMRI 62 -- Meg 64 -- Tms 64 -- Research Using Imaging Techniques: Examples of PET 64 -- Study Guide 67 -- Key Terms 68 -- Starting Points 69 -- Chapter 3 70 -- Sensation, Perception, and Attention 70 -- The Computational Brain 71 -- Sensation and Perception 72 -- Vision 73 -- Illusions 75 -- Previous Knowledge 77 -- Sensory-Brain Predisposition 79 -- Everything We Know Is Wrong 80 -- Perceptual Span 82 -- Iconic Storage 83 -- Echoic Storage 84 -- Function of Sensory Stores 86 -- Attention 87 -- Consciousness, Subliminal Perception, and Filter Location 90 -- Processing Capacity and Selective Attention 91 -- Auditory Signals 92 -- Models of Selective Attention 94 -- The Filter Model: Broadbent 95 -- The Attenuation Model: Treisman 98 -- Visual Attention 100 -- Automatic Processing 102 -- The Cognitive Neuroscience of Attention 104 -- Attention and the Human Brain 105 -- Attention and PET 107 -- Study Guide 109 -- Key Terms 110 -- Starti ng Points 111 -- Chapter 4 112 -- Object Recognition 112 -- Perceptual Theories 114 -- Constructive Perception 114 -- Direct Perception 116 -- Visual Pattern Recognition 117 -- Subjective Organization 117 -- Gestalt Theory 119 -- Canonic Perspectives 122 -- Bottom-Up versus Top-Down Processing 125 -- Template Matching 127 -- Geon Theory 129 -- Feature Analysis 133 -- Eye Movements and Object Recognition 135 -- Prototype Matching 136 -- Abstraction of Visual Information 137 -- Pseudomemory 138 -- Theories of Prototype Formation 139 -- Pattern Recognition among Experts 141 -- Pattern Recognition in Chess 141 -- Object Recognition-The Role of the Perceiver 143 -- Study Guide 146 -- Key Terms 147 -- Starting Points 147 -- Chapter 5 148 -- Memory Models and Short-Term Memory 148 -- Dualist Models of Memory 149 -- James 149 -- Waugh and Norman 152 -- Atkinson and Shiffrin 152 -- Short-Term Memory 154 -- Cognitive Neuroscience Support 156 -- Working Memory Model 158 -- Capacity of STM 160 -- Coding of Information in STM 160 -- Retrieval of Information from STM 163 -- Study Guide 167 -- Key Terms 167 -- Starting Points 168 -- Chapter 6 169 -- Memory Theories and Long-Term Memory 169 -- Localization and Distribution of LTM 170 -- Capacity of LTM 171 -- Theoretical Analysis of Expertise 173 -- Duration of LTM 173 -- VLTM and Cognitive Psychology 176 -- Autobiographical Memories 179 -- LTM Storage 180 -- Codes 181 -- Level of Processing 181 -- Self-Reference Effect 185 -- A Connectionist Model of Memory 187 -- Schemas and Gist 187 -- Types of Memory 191 -- Implicit versus Explicit Memory 192 -- Autobiographical Memories 192 -- Knowing What and Knowing That 193 -- Episodic and Semantic Memory 193 -- Cognitive Neuroscience Support 194 -- Study Guide 198 -- Key Words 199 -- Starting Points 199 -- Chapter 7 200 -- Forgetting and Remembering 200 -- Historical Perspective 201 -- Theories of Forgetting 202 -- Memory Errors 207 -- Memory Construction 207 -- False Memories 207 -- Remembering 209 -- Factors that Enhance Memory 209 -- Mnemonic Techniques 210 -- Extraordinary Memories 215 -- S.: Luria 215 -- V.
• P.: Hunt and Love 216 -- E.: A Case of Photographic Memory 216 -- Study Guide 218 -- Key Term 219 -- Starting Points 219 -- Chapter 8 221 -- Consciousness 221 -- History of Consciousness 223 -- Framework for Consciousness: AWAREness 224 -- Functions of Consciousness 230 -- Consciousness as a Scientific Construct 232 -- States of Consciousness 232 -- Sleep 232 -- Dreaming 236 -- Drug Use 237 -- Meditation 237 -- Models of Consciousness 237 -- Baars's Global Workspace Theory 238 -- Automatic Processes 239 -- Implicit Memory 241 -- Priming Studies 241 -- Metacognition 245 -- Study Guide 248 -- Key Terms 249 -- Starting Points 249 -- Chapter 9 250 -- The Verbal Representation of Knowledge 250 -- Language and Knowledge 251 -- Associationist Approach 252 -- Organizational Variables 252 -- Semantic Organization of Knowledge 253 -- Set-Theoretical Model 253 -- Semantic Feature-Comparison Model 254 -- Semantic Network Models 256 -- Spreading Activation Model 258 -- Neuro Psychological Support 259 -- Propositional Networks 260 -- Human Associative Memory (HAM) and the Representation of Knowledge 260 -- Experts and Organization 262 -- Cognitive Neuroscience Support 263 -- A Taxonomy of Memory Structure 264 -- Connectionism and the Representation of Knowledge 265 -- Study Guide 269 -- Key Terms 270 -- Starting Points 270 -- Chapter 10 271 -- The Visual Representation of Knowledge 271 -- Historical Perspective 272 -- Theories of the Visual Representation of Knowledge 273 -- Dual-Coding Hypothesis 274 -- Conceptual-Propositional Hypothesis 276 -- Functional-Equivalency Hypothesis 277 -- Neurocognitive Evidence 278 -- Cognitive Neuroscience Support 282 -- Cognitive Maps 287 -- Synesthesia: The Sound of Colors 292 -- Study Guide 295 -- Key Terms 296 -- Starting Points 296 -- Chapter 11 297 -- Language 297 -- Words and Their Associated Meanings 298 -- Grammar and Its Structure 298 -- Neurological Basis of Language 298 -- Linguistics Hierarchy 299 -- Phonemes 299 -- Morphemes 301 -- Morphology 301 -- Syntax 301 -- Transformational Grammar 301 -- "Ants Ate the Jelly" 303 -- Psycholinguistics 305 -- Nature versus Nurture 305 -- Linguistic-Relativity Hypothesis 305 -- Language and Neurology 307 -- Reading 309 -- Text Processing Evidence from Eye-Tracking Studies 312 -- Down-the-Garden-Path Experiments 314 -- Lexical-Decision Task (LDT) 315 -- Cognitive Neuroscience Support 316 -- Comprehension 320 -- Study Guide 324 -- Key Terms 326 -- Starting Points 326 -- Chapter 12 328 -- Cognition across the Lifespan 328 -- Cognitive Development 329 -- Assimilation and Accommodation: Piaget 330 -- Mind in Society: Vygotsky 337 -- Neural Development 340 -- Early Neural Development 340 -- Environment and Neural Development 343 -- Cerebral Asymmetry 344 -- Development of Cognitive Abilities 345 -- Intelligence 345 -- Information-Acquisition Skills 346 -- Memory 352 -- Higher-Order Cognition in Children 355 -- Prototype Formation among Children 358 -- Cognitive Neuroscience Support 362 -- Text Comprehension 363 -- Top-Down Processing 363 -- Bottom-up Processing 364 -- A Model of Text Comprehension 365 -- Propositional Representation of Text and Reading 366 -- Study Guide 369 -- Key Words 370 -- Starting Points 370 -- Chapter 13 371 -- Concept Formation, Logic, and Decision Making 371 -- Concept Formation 373 -- Association 374 -- Hypothesis Testing 374 -- Logic 376 -- Deductive Reasoning 378 -- Syllogistic Reasoning 380 -- Decision Making 385 -- Inductive Reasoning 385 -- Decision Making in the "Real World" 386 -- Cognitive Neuroscience Support 390 -- Decision Frames 392 -- Estimating Probabilities 393 -- Representativeness Heuristic 395 -- Bayes's Theorem and Decision Making 395 -- Decision Making and Rationality 398 -- Study Guide 400 -- Key Words 401 -- Starting Points 401 -- Chapter 14 403 -- Problem Solving, Creativity, and Human Intelligence 403 -- Problem Solving 404 -- Gestalt Psychology and Problem Solving 405 -- Representation of the Problem 407 -- Internal Representation and Problem Solving 410 -- Creativity 414 -- Creative Process 414 -- Creativity and Functional Fixedness 416 -- Investment Theory of Creativity 416 -- The Adaptive Function of Creativity 417 -- Judging Creativity 418 -- H. O.: Case Study of an Artist-Solso; Miall and Tchalenko 421 -- Human Intelligence 425 -- The Problem of Definition 425 -- Cognitive Theories of Intelligence 427 -- Cognitive Neuroscience Support 434 -- Study Guide 440 -- Key Words 441 -- Starting Points 441 -- Chapter 15 443 -- Artificial Intelligence 443 -- Historical Perspective 446 -- Calculators 446 -- Computers 447 -- Early AI 449 -- Recent AI 452 -- AI and Human Cognition 454 -- The Thinking Machine 456 -- The Turing Test 456 -- The Chinese Room 457 -- Perception and AI 459 -- Line Analysis 459 -- Pattern Recognition 460 -- Recognition of Complex Objects 462 -- Decision Making and AI 466 -- Language and AI 466 -- Eliza, Parry, and NETtalk 468 -- Meaning and AI 471 -- Continuous Speech Recognition (CSR) 473 -- Language Understanding Program 473 -- Problem Solving, Game Playing, and AI 474 -- Computer Chess 477 -- AI and the Arts 478 -- Robots 482 -- The Future of AI 484 -- AI and Scientific Inquiry 486 -- Study Guide 489 -- Key Words 489 -- Starting Points 490 -- Glossary 491 -- References 501.

ISBN

• 0205521088 (alk. paper)
• 9780205521081 (alk. paper)
• 0205700713
• 9780205700714

LCCN

^^2007028725

OCLC

155129800

Owning Institutions

Harvard Library