<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="/styles/finding.xsl"?>
<!DOCTYPE ead PUBLIC "+//ISBN 1-931666-00-8//DTD ead.dtd (Encoded Archival Description (EAD) Version 2002)//EN" "ead.dtd" [
<!ENTITY nyplogo SYSTEM "nyplogo.gif" NDATA GIF>
]>
<ead>
<eadheader relatedencoding="marc" langencoding="iso639-2b" scriptencoding="iso15924" repositoryencoding="iso15511" countryencoding="iso3166-1" dateencoding="iso8601" audience="internal">
<eadid countrycode="US" mainagencycode="NN" publicid="-//The New York Public Library//TEXT (US::NN::Sc [UNK] 244::George Freeman Bragg Manuscripts, n.d.)//ENG">PUBLIC "-//The New York Public Library//TEXT (US::NN::Sc [UNK] 244::George Freeman Bragg Manuscripts, n.d.)//ENG" "scmbragg.xml"</eadid>
<filedesc>
<titlestmt>
<titleproper encodinganalog="245$a">Inventory of the George Freeman Bragg Manuscripts, <date>n.d.</date></titleproper>
<author encodinganalog="245$c">Processed by Hanna Bailey; machine-readable finding aid created by Apex Data Services; revised by Terry Catapano.</author>
</titlestmt>
<publicationstmt>

<p>&#x00A9; <date>2000</date> The New York Public Library. Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundations. All rights reserved.</p>
</publicationstmt>
</filedesc>
<profiledesc>
<creation encodinganalog="500">Text converted and initial EAD tagging provided by Apex Data Services,
<date>April 1999.</date>
Revised by Terry Catapano
<date>April 2000</date>
</creation>
<langusage>Description is in <language encodinganalog="546">English</language></langusage>
</profiledesc>
<revisiondesc>
<change encodinganalog="583">
<date>October 16, 2006</date>
<item>EAD v1.0 finding aid converted to EAD 2002 using UC Berkeley's eadv1to2002.pl perl script.</item>
</change>
</revisiondesc>
</eadheader>
<frontmatter>
<titlepage>
<titleproper encodinganalog="245$a">Inventory of the George Freeman Bragg Manuscripts, <date>n.d.</date></titleproper>
<num>Sc MG 244</num>
<publisher encodinganalog="260$b">Manuscripts, Archives and Rare Books Division<lb/>
<extptr show="embed" actuate="onload" entityref="nyplogo.gif"/><lb/>
Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture<lb/>
The New York Public Library<lb/>
New York, New York </publisher>
<list type="simple">

<item>Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture. New York Public Library.</item>
<item>515 Malcolm X Boulevard</item>
<item>New York, NY 10037-1801</item>
<item> (212) 491-2224</item>
<item><extref href="mailto:scmarbref@nypl.org" actuate="onload" show="new">
scmarbref@nypl.org</extref></item> 
<item><extref href="http://nypl.org/research/sc/scm/marb.html" actuate="onload" show="new">http://nypl.org/research/sc/scm/marb.html</extref></item>
</list>
<list>
<defitem>
<label>Processed by: </label>
<item>Hanna Bailey</item>
</defitem>
<defitem>
<label>Date Completed: </label>
<item><date>August 1991</date></item>
</defitem>
<defitem>
<label>Encoded By: </label>
<item>Apex Data Services; Terry Catapano</item>
</defitem>
</list>
<p> &#x00A9;<date encodingangalog="260$c">2000</date> The New York Public Library. Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundations. All rights reserved.</p>
</titlepage>
<div altrender="preface">
<head>Preface</head>
<p>This inventory was prepared under the auspices of the Preservation of the Black Religious Heritage Project of the Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture. The project, which was funded by the Lilly Endowment, was established to identify, preserve and acquire primary research materials essential for the documentation of African-American religious life.</p>
</div>
</frontmatter>
<archdesc level="collection">
<did>
<head>Descriptive Summary</head>
<unittitle label="Title" encodinganalog="245$a">George Freeman Bragg Manuscripts, <unitdate>n.d.</unitdate></unittitle>
<unitid label="Collection Number">Sc MG 244</unitid>
<origination label="Creator">
<persname encodinganalog="100">Bragg, George Freeman</persname>
</origination>
<physdesc label="Size">1 folder (8 items</physdesc>
<repository label="Repository" encodinganalog="852">
<corpname> The New York Public Library<lb/>
Manuscripts, Archives and Rare Books Division<lb/>
Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture</corpname>
</repository>
<langmaterial label="Languages Represented">
<language langcode="eng">English</language>
</langmaterial>
</did>
<descgrp><head>Administrative Information</head>
<acqinfo encodinganalog="541">
<head>Source</head>
<p>Purchased from Lambeth Books, Summer 1986. SCM86-49</p>
</acqinfo>
</descgrp>
<bioghist encodinganalog="545">
<head>Biography</head>
<p>Reverend George Freeman Bragg was born in 1863 in Warrenton, North Carolina. Soon after his birth his parents, George Freeman Sr. and Mary Bragg, moved the family to live with his grandmother, Caroline Wiley Bragg, in Petersburg, Virginia. Caroline Bragg, the former slave of an Episcopal priest, had four sons who had helped to establish an African American Episcopal Church in Petersburg. In 1879 Bragg entered the Theological School for Negroes in Petersburg, a branch of the Virginia Theological Seminary in Alexandria, in 1879. He was soon suspended however, by school officials who claimed he was &#x201C;not humble enough.&#x201D; His suspension was most likely connected with his support of a political party called Readjuster, which advocated higher taxes for the rich. Bragg taught school in Staunton, Virginia until he was allowed to return to the Theological School in 1885. He graduated in 1887, and married Nellie Hill with whom he had four children. In 1902 Wilberforce University awarded him an honorary Doctor of Divinity Degree.</p>
<p>Bragg was ordained a deacon of the Episcopal Church in 1887. One year later he became a priest and was assigned to St. Luke's Episcopal Church in Norfolk, Virginia. In the three years he ministered there, the congregation grew and the church facilities improved because of his efforts. At this time Bragg also established the Industrial School for Colored Girls, and opened the Holy Innocents Mission.</p>
<p>In 1891 Bragg became rector of St. James' Episcopal Church in Baltimore, Maryland. At that time St. James' had a sixty-nine member congregation and worshipped in a rented building. Within a few years Bragg raised enough money to buy land and to build a new church, and by 1931 the congregation had five hundred members. Bragg preached at St. James' for forty-nine years, until his death in 1940. Although a candidate for the bishopric more than once, Bragg was never appointed.</p>
<p>Bragg believed the Episcopal Church provided a forum where educated people could communicate across racial divisions. Although he was a candidate for the bishopric more than once, Bragg was never appointed. He spoke in opposition to discrimination within the church; as segregation spread however, he fought, unsuccessfully, to create an African American district and a position for an African American bishop within the Episcopal Diocese of Baltimore.</p>
<p>Bragg was an active member of many organizations outside of the church. In 1884 he was an honorary commissioner of the New Orleans Exposition. Between the years 1887 and 1891 he served as curator of the Hampton Normal and Industrial Institution, chaplain of the second battalion of the Colored Militia, and secretary of the National Colored Association. Beginning in 1892 he became the General Secretary of the Conference of Church Workers, a national organization of African American clergy and laymen. Bragg's most important accomplishment in Baltimore was the establishment of the Maryland Home for Friendless Colored Children (1899). This institution was noted for its progressive approach; it attempted to create a homey atmosphere and to place teen-agers in foster homes. In 1901, he became the first African American elected to the board of managers of the House of Reformation for Colored Boys, a position to which he was annually elected for several years. Bragg worked with Booker T. Washington to prevent disfranchisement in Maryland, but later joined W.E.B. DuBois' Niagara movement which opposed Washington's conservatism. He also led a movement in Baltimore to hire African American teachers for African American students.</p>
<p>Bragg edited and published several newspapers. He founded <title render="doublequote" actuate="onrequest">&#x201C;The Lancet&#x201D;</title> in 1882, one of the first African American weekly papers. In 1886 he edited <title render="doublequote" actuate="onrequest">&#x201C;The Afro-American Churchman&#x201D;</title> which later became the <title render="doublequote" actuate="onrequest">&#x201C;The Church Advocate.&#x201D;</title> He was also secretary of the National Colored Press Association. Aside from editing, Bragg wrote many books and over twenty pamphlets, most of which were published by the Church Advocate Press. His best known work, <title><emph render="italic">History of the Afro-American Group of the Episcopal Church </emph></title>(1922), was the first book written on this topic. Another book, <title><emph render="italic">Men of Maryland </emph></title>(1914), was the first study of African Americans in Maryland. <title render="doublequote" actuate="onrequest">&#x201C;The Hero of Jerusalem&#x201D;</title> (1926) is an example of one of his pamphlets written in honor of General William Mahone. Many of his articles were published in <title render="doublequote" actuate="onrequest">&#x201C;The Church Advocate.&#x201D;</title></p>
<p>In 1940, at the age of seventy-seven, Bragg died after a brief illness.</p>
<p>
<note show="new" actuate="onrequest" label="*">
<p> Most of the information in this biographical note was drawn from an article by J. Carleton Hayden</p>
</note></p>
</bioghist>
<scopecontent encodinganalog="520">
<head>Scope and Content</head>
<p>The George Freeman Bragg Manuscripts consist of six typescripts, none of which are dated, and two lists. The first list provides names of famous African American women and the second, is a list of people to be confirmed, presumably at St. James Episcopal Church.</p>
<p>The typescripts range in length from six to fourteen pages. The majority are biographical essays of such prominent figures as Daniel A. Payne, Blanche Kelso Bruce and John Mercer Langston. Other typescripts pertain to the history of African Americans in the Episcopal Church (<title render="doublequote" actuate="onrequest">&#x201C;A Review&#x201D;</title>) and an explanation of the union of the African Methodist Episcopal Church and the Episcopal Church (<title render="doublequote" actuate="onrequest">&#x201C;Ephesians&#x201D;</title>). A few of the typescripts contain handwritten corrections and notations.</p>
</scopecontent>
<dsc type="in-depth">
<head>Container List</head>
<c01 level="file">
<did>
<container type="folder">1</container>
<unittitle>Writings</unittitle>
</did>
<c02>
<did>
<unittitle><title render="doublequote" actuate="onrequest">&#x201C;A Review,&#x201D;</title> <unitdate>n.d.</unitdate></unittitle>
</did>
</c02>
<c02 level="item">
<did>
<unittitle><title render="doublequote" actuate="onrequest">&#x201C;Ephesians,&#x201D;</title> <unitdate>n.d.</unitdate></unittitle>
</did>
</c02>
<c02 level="item">
<did>
<unittitle>&#x201C;John Mercer Langston,&#x201D; <unitdate>n.d.</unitdate></unittitle>
</did>
</c02>
<c02 level="item">
<did>
<unittitle>&#x201C;Blanche Kelso Bruce,&#x201D; <unitdate>n.d.</unitdate></unittitle>
</did>
</c02>
<c02 level="item">
<did>
<unittitle>&#x201C;Daniel A. Payne,&#x201D; <unitdate>n.d.</unitdate></unittitle>
</did>
</c02>
<c02 level="item">
<did>
<unittitle>&#x201C;Allen Payne,&#x201D; <unitdate>n.d.</unitdate></unittitle>
</did>
</c02>
<c02 level="item">
<did>
<unittitle>Lists, <unitdate>n.d.</unitdate></unittitle>
</did>
</c02>
</c01>
</dsc>
</archdesc>
</ead>
